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High-bandwidth nanopositioning via active control of system resonance

Linlin LI, Sumeet S. APHALE, Limin ZHU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第2期页码 331-339 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0619-x

摘要： Typically, the achievable positioning bandwidth for piezo-actuated nanopositioners is severely limited by the first, lightly-damped resonance. To overcome this issue, a variety of open- and closed-loop control techniques that commonly combine damping and tracking actions, have been reported in literature. However, in almost all these cases, the achievable closed-loop bandwidth is still limited by the original open-loop resonant frequency of the respective positioning axis. Shifting this resonance to a higher frequency would undoubtedly result in a wider bandwidth. However, such a shift typically entails a major mechanical redesign of the nanopositioner. The integral resonant control (IRC) has been reported earlier to demonstrate the significant performance enhancement, robustness to parameter uncertainty, gua-ranteed stability and design flexibility it affords. To further exploit the IRC scheme’s capabilities, this paper presents a method of actively shifting the resonant frequency of a nanopositioner’s axis, thereby delivering a wider closed-loop positioning bandwidth when controlled with the IRC scheme. The IRC damping control is augmented with a standard integral tracking controller to improve positioning accuracy. And both damping and tracking control parameters are analytically optimized to result in a Butterworth Filter mimicking pole-placement—maximally flat passband response. Experiments are conducted on a nanopositioner’s axis with an open-loop resonance at 508 Hz. It is shown that by employing the active resonance shifting, the closed-loop positioning bandwidth is increased from 73 to 576 Hz. Consequently, the root-mean-square tracking errors for a 100 Hz triangular trajectory are reduced by 93%.

关键词： nanopositioning stage high-bandwidth resonant mode control tracking control integral resonant control

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Multiple target implementation for a doubly fed induction generator based on direct power control under

Heng NIAN,Yi-peng SONG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第4期页码 321-334 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400170

摘要： This paper presents a multiple target implementation technique for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) under unbalanced and distorted grid voltage based on direct power control (DPC). Based on the mathematical model of DFIG under unbalanced and distorted voltage, the proportional and integral (PI) regulator is adopted to regulate the DFIG average active and reactive powers, while the vector PI (VPI) resonant regulator is used to achieve three alternative control targets: (1) balanced and sinusoidal stator current; (2) smooth instantaneous stator active and reactive powers; (3) smooth electromagnetic torque and instantaneous stator reactive power. The major advantage of the proposed control strategy over the conventional method is that neither negative and harmonic sequence decomposition of grid voltage nor complicated control reference calculation is required. The insensitivity of the proposed control strategy to DFIG parameter deviation is analyzed. Finally, the DFIG experimental system is developed to validate the availability of the proposed DPC strategy under unbalanced and distorted grid voltage.

关键词： Direct power control Doubly fed induction generator Unbalanced and distorted grid voltage Vector proportional and integral resonant regulator Parameter deviation

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Convergence performance comparisons of PID, MRAC, and PID+MRAC hybrid controller

Dan ZHANG,Bin WEI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第2期页码 213-217 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0386-x

摘要：

This study proposes a hybrid controller by combining a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control and a model reference adaptive control (MRAC), which named as PID+MRAC controller. The convergence performances of the PID control, MRAC, and hybrid PID+MRAC are also compared. Through the simulation in Matlab, the results show that the convergence speed and performance of the MRAC and the PID+MRAC controller are better than those of the PID controller. In addition, the convergence performance of the hybrid control is better than that of the MRAC control.

关键词： proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control model reference adaptive control hybrid control convergence speed comparison

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Control algorithm of a servo platform

Shouyong XIE, Xiwen LI, Shuzi YANG, Mingjin YANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第3期页码 353-355 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0098-6

摘要： According to the characteristics of the movement of a special-purpose three-axis servo platform, this paper presents an improved grey prediction proportional integral derivative (PID) control algorithm. Different weights at different time are given to different sampling moments in the algorithm, and the time meanings of the sample data are paid more attention. Simulation results show that the performance of response and stability of the platform of the improved algorithm is better than that of the traditional one. The control algorithm meets all requirements of the control system of the special-purpose three-axis servo platform.

关键词： grey prediction proportional integral derivative (PID) control improved algorithm weight servo platform

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双轮铣槽机铣削系统自适应模糊积分滑模转速控制

Qi-yan Tian, Jian-hua Wei, Jin-hui Fang, Kai Guo,jhfang@zju.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第1期页码 55-66 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.15a0160

摘要：目的：随着地下连续墙施工工法和双轮铣槽机技术不断发展，实现对双轮铣槽机铣削系统铣轮工作转速的快速精确控制具有重要意义。在负载特性未知、扰动复杂的情况下，本文基于自适应模糊积分滑模（AFISMC）控制算法，实现对铣削系统铣轮转速的良好控制。创新点：在双轮铣槽机铣轮铣削过程中，铣轮转速控制受到岩石和土壤未知负载特性的影响，同时地质条件不断变化。由于岩石和土壤复杂的负载特性，铣轮的切削扭矩与地质条件、铣轮进给速度等均存在耦合关系，而且其动态特性复杂未知，无法建立准确的数学模型。本文针对以上难点，设计新型自适应模糊积分滑模转速控制器。方法：针对双轮铣槽机铣削系统的特性，提出一种基于自适应模糊积分滑模控制（AFISMC）的铣轮转速控制方案。该控制方案将自适应控制的参数自整定特性、积分滑模控制的鲁棒性以及模糊系统独立于数学模型的特性结合起来。通过自适应模糊系统对被控对象未知模型有效逼近，使用反步法对控制器进行设计，采用Lyapunov理论证明整个闭环系统（包括自适应模糊推理系统、积分滑模控制器和被控对象）的稳定性。结论：在双轮铣槽机液压模拟实验台对不同工况下的铣轮转速控制进行实验，分别采用PI、ISMC和AFISMC三种控制方法进行对比。实验结果表明AFISMC控制算法在跟踪和抗干扰方面均表现出良好的控制性能。

关键词：铣削系统；电液系统；铣削转速控制；自适应模糊积分滑模控制

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基于改进级联观测器的永磁同步电机智能分数阶积分滑模控制 Research Articles

肖玲斐1,2,马磊明3,黄欣浩1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第2期页码 328-338 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000317

摘要：提出一种基于改进级联观测器的智能分数阶积分滑模控制（FOISMC）策略。首先，针对永磁同步电机设计了分数阶积分滑模控制器，该控制器有良好跟踪性能，具有强鲁棒性，且能有效削弱抖振。所提策略结合了积分能消除稳态跟踪误差和分数阶微积分灵活的优点。其次，提出一种改进的级联观测器，能获得较小的转子信息观测误差。所设计级联观测器结合了自适应滑模观测器和扩展高增益观测器。此外，利用改进的变速灰狼优化算法优化控制器参数。最后，在综合考虑模型不确定性和外部干扰的情况下，通过仿真和实验验证了所提策略的有效性。

关键词：永磁同步电机；分数阶积分滑模；优化算法；无传感器控制；观测器

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High-precision gyro-stabilized control of a gear-driven platform with a floating gear tension device

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第3期页码 487-503 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0635-5

摘要： This study presents an improved compound control algorithm that substantially enhances the anti-disturbance performance of a gear-drive gyro-stabilized platform with a floating gear tension device. The tension device can provide a self-adjustable preload to eliminate the gap in the meshing process. However, the weaker gear support stiffness and more complex meshing friction are also induced by the tension device, which deteriorates the control accuracy and the ability to keep the aim point of the optical sensors isolated from the platform motion. The modeling and compensation of the induced complex nonlinearities are technically challenging, especially when base motion exists. The aim of this research is to cope with the unmeasured disturbances as well as the uncertainties caused by the base lateral motion. First, the structural properties of the gear transmission and the friction-generating mechanism are analyzed, which classify the disturbances into two categories: Time-invariant and time-varying parts. Then, a proportional-integral controller is designed to eliminate the steady-state error caused by the time-invariant disturbance. A proportional multiple-integral-based state augmented Kalman filter is proposed to estimate and compensate for the time-varying disturbance that can be approximated as a polynomial function. The effectiveness of the proposed compound algorithm is demonstrated by comparative experiments on a gear-drive pointing system with a floating gear tension device, which shows a maximum 76% improvement in stabilization precision.

关键词： inertially stabilized platform floating gear tension device nonlinear friction disturbance compensation proportional multiple-integral observer

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基于动态等值及数值积分灵敏度的快速紧急控制策略计算 Research Articles

Yi-fan GAO, Jian-quan WANG, Tan-nan XIAO, Dao-zhuo JIANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第8期页码 1119-1132 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700389

摘要：为减少大规模电力系统暂态稳定分析的计算时间，实现紧急控制策略的实时计算，提出基于实时动态等值的快速暂态稳定仿真及紧急控制策略算法。通过故障后短时间的全系统数值积分计算，将发电组实时分群并进行模型聚合，并运用提出的等值系统节点导纳矩阵快速计算方法求取等值系统网络参数。在获得的动态等值系统上完成暂态稳定仿真计算和基于数值积分灵敏度的紧急控制决策计算。最终，经过等值系统向原始系统反向映射，获得原始系统的紧急控制策略。在包含496台发电机和5075节点的区域电网中进行仿真计算。结果表明该算法可获得准确的暂态稳定计算结果和有效的紧急控制策略，与常规暂态稳定数值积分算法以及基于数值积分灵敏度的紧急控制算法相比，大幅减少了计算时间。

关键词：紧急控制；暂态稳定；数值积分；动态等值；数值积分灵敏度

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Modeling and control of a permanent magnet synchronous generator dedicated to standalone wind energy

Louar FATEH,Ouari AHMED,Omeiri AMAR,Djellad ABDELHAK,Bouras LAKHDAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 155-163 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0410-1

摘要： The interest for the use of renewable energies has increased, because of the increasing concerns of the environmental problems. Among renewable energies, wind energy is now widely used. Wind turbines based on an asynchronous generator with a wound rotor present the inconvenience of requiring a system of rings and brooms and a multiplier, inferring significant costs of maintenance. To limit these inconveniences, certain manufacturers developed wind turbines based on synchronous machines with large number of pairs of poles coupled directly with the turbine, avoiding using the multiplier. If the generator is equipped with permanent magnets, the system of rings and brooms is eliminated. The control of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) can be affected with the implementation of various techniques of control. This paper presented a new approach mainly based on the control strategy of power production system based on the PMSG. In fact, a mathematical model that simulates the Matlab chain was established with the introduction of control techniques, such as direct control of the torque (DTC) to control the load side converter (LSC), the control of the speed of the turbine and the DC-bus voltage ensured by PI regulators. To show the performance of the correctors used, some simulation results of the system were presented and analyzed.

关键词： wind turbine permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) converter proportional-integral (PI) control direct control of the torque (DTC) regulation

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Flexible resonant tank for a combined converter to achieve an HPS and LED compatible driver

Jin HU,Hui-pin LIN,Zheng-yu LU,Feng-wu ZHOU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第8期页码 679-693 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500054

摘要： High pressure sodium (HPS) lamp has been widely used in street lighting applications because of its maturity, reliability, high lighting efficiency, long life-time, and low cost. Light emitting diode (LED) is expected as the next generation lighting source due to its continuously improving luminous efficacy, better color characteristic, and super long life-time. The two lighting sources may coexist in street lighting applications for a long time. A novel HPS and LED compatible driver is proposed which is rather suitable and flexible for driving HPS and LED in street lighting applications. The proposed driver combines the LLC and LCC resonant circuits into a flexible resonant tank. The flexible resonant tank may change to LLC or isolated LCC circuit according to the lighting source. It inherits the traditional HPS and LED drivers’ zero voltage switching (ZVS) characteristics and dimmable function. The design of the proposed flexible resonant tank considers the requirements of both HPS and LED. The experiments of driving HPS and LED on a prototype driver show that the driver can drive the two lighting sources flexibly with high efficiency.

关键词： High pressure sodium (HPS) Light emitting diode (LED) Compatible driver Ballast

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Analysis of resonant coupling coil configurations of EV wireless charging system: a simulation study

M. LU, A. JUNUSSOV, M. BAGHERI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 152-165 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0615-1

摘要： Nowadays, internal combustion engine vehicles are considered as one of the major contributors to air pollution. To make transportation more environmentally friendly, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) have been proposed. However, with an increase in the number of PEVs, the drawbacks associated with the cost and size, as well as charging cables of batteries have arisen. To address these challenges, a novel technology named wireless charging system has been recently recommended. This technology rapidly evolves and becomes very attractive for charging operations of electric vehicles. Currently, wireless charging systems offer highly efficient power transfer over the distances ranging from several millimeters to several hundred millimeters. This paper is focused on analyzing electromagnetically coupled resonant wireless technique used for the charging of EVs. The resonant wireless charging system for EVs is modeled, simulated, and then examined by changing different key parameters to evaluate how transfer distance, load, and coil’s geometry, precisely number of coil’s turns, coil’s shape, and inter-turn distance, influence the efficiency of the charging process. The simulation results are analyzed and critical dimensions are discussed. It is revealed that a proper choice of the dimensions, inter-turn distance, and transfer distance of the coil can result in a significant improvement in charging efficiency. Furthermore, the influence of the transfer distance, frequency, load, as well as the number of the turns of the coil on the performance of wireless charging system is the main focus of this paper.

关键词： electromagnetically coupled resonator near-field power transfer wireless power transfer (WPT)

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基于带积分补偿近端策略优化算法的四旋翼控制 Research

胡欢,王庆领

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第5期页码 649-808 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900641

摘要：使用先进的近端策略优化强化学习算法优化随机控制策略，实现对无模型四旋翼飞行器速度的稳定控制。飞行器模型由4个可以学习训练的子神经网络控制，神经网络以一种端到端的方式将模型状态映射为控制命令输送给飞行器执行。将积分补偿器引入行为评估算法框架，可大大提高模型速度跟踪的准确性和鲁棒性。此外，开发了包括离线学习和在线学习的两阶段学习方案，以供实际飞行之需。在在线学习阶段，不断优化模型的飞行策略。最后，对比提出的算法与传统PID算法的实验效果。

关键词：强化学习；近端策略优化；四旋翼控制；神经网络

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Thermal transport properties of monolayer phosphorene: a mini-review of theoretical studies

Guangzhao QIN, Ming HU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 87-96 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0513-y

摘要： Phosphorene, a two-dimensional (2D) elemental semiconductor with a high carrier mobility and intrinsic direct band gap, possesses fascinating chemical and physical properties distinctively different from other 2D materials. Its rapidly growing applications in nano-/opto-electronics and thermoelectrics call for fundamental understanding of the thermal transport properties. Considering the fact that there have been so many studies on the thermal transport in phosphorene, it is on emerging demand to have a review on the progress of previous studies and give an outlook on future work. In this mini-review, the unique thermal transport properties of phosphorene induced by the hinge-like structure are examined. There exists a huge deviation in the reported thermal conductivity of phosphorene in literature. Besides, the mechanism underlying the deviation is discussed by reviewing the effect of different functionals and cutoff distance in calculating the thermal transport properties of phosphorene. It is found that the (vdW) interactions play a key role in the formation of resonant bonding, which leads to long-ranged interactions. Taking into account of the vdW interactions and including the long-ranged interactions caused by the resonant bonding with large cutoff distance are important for getting the accurate and converged thermal conductivity of phosphorene. Moreover, a fundamental insight into the thermal transport is provided based on the review of resonant bonding in phosphorene. This mini-review summarizes the progress of the thermal transport in phosphorene and gives an outlook on future horizons, which would benefit the design of phosphorene based nano-electronics.

关键词： thermal transport phosphorene resonant bonding

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THD reduction with reactive power compensation for fuzzy logic DVR based solar PV grid connected system

Akhil GUPTA,Saurabh CHANANA,Tilak THAKUR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 464-479 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0307-9

摘要： Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used to protect sensitive loads from voltage disturbances of the distribution generation (DG) system. In this paper, a new control approach for the 200 kW solar photovoltaic grid connected system with perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is implemented. Power quality improvement with comparison is conducted during fault with proportional integral (PI) and artificial intelligence-based fuzzy logic controlled DVR. MPPT tracks the actual variable DC link voltage while deriving the maximum power from a photovoltaic array and maintains DC link voltage constant by changing modulation index of the converter. Simulation results during fault show that the fuzzy logic based DVR scheme demonstrates simultaneous exchange of active and reactive power with less total harmonic distortion (THD) present in voltage source converter (VSC) current and grid current with fast tracking of optimum operating point at unity power factor. Standards (IEEE-519/1547), stipulates that the current with THD greater than 5% cannot be injected into the grid by any distributed generation source. Simulation results and validations of MPPT technique and operation of fuzzy logic controlled DVR demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.

关键词： fuzzy logic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) proportional integral (PI) control voltage restorer

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Power quality investigation of a solar PV transformer-less grid- connected system fed DVR

Akhil GUPTA,Saurabh CHANANA,Tilak THAKUR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 240-253 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0322-x

摘要： This paper presents a single stage transformer-less grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system with an active and reactive power control. In the absence of active input power, the grid-tied voltage source converter (VSC) is operated in a reactive power generation mode, which powers the control circuitry, and maintains a regulated DC voltage to the VSC. A data-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control scheme which performs power quality control at a maximum power by reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD) in grid injected current as per IEEE-519/1547 standards is implemented. A proportional-integral (PI) controller based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) control scheme is implemented which controls the grid side converter during single-phase to ground fault. The analysis includes the grid current THD along with the corresponding variation of the active and reactive power during the fault condition. The MPPT tracks the actual variable DC link voltage while deriving the maximum power from the solar PV array, and maintains the DC link voltage constant by changing the modulation index of the VSC. Simulation results using Matlab/Simulink are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and validations of the proposed novel MPPT and DVR control systems under different environmental conditions.

关键词： data-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) total harmonic distortion (THD) proportional integral control voltage restorer pulse width modulation